Understanding the difference between a mole and a vole is crucial for gardeners and homeowners who want to protect their landscapes and property. These small, burrowing animals may look similar at first glance, but they possess distinct characteristics that set them apart. In this article, we will explore the key differences between moles and voles to help you identify them and manage their presence on your property.
Moles and voles are both members of the order Rodentia, but they belong to different families. Moles are part of the Talpidae family, while voles are part of the Cricetidae family. This distinction is important because it affects their behavior, diet, and the damage they cause.
One of the most noticeable differences between moles and voles is their appearance. Moles have a stocky, round body, with very short legs and a long snout. They have large, powerful front paws adapted for digging, and their eyes are tiny and often hidden beneath fur. In contrast, voles have a slender, cylindrical body, with longer legs and a shorter snout. Their eyes are relatively larger than those of moles, and they have a more delicate appearance.
Another significant difference lies in their diet. Moles are primarily insectivorous, feeding on earthworms, grubs, and other insects. Their diet helps them maintain their burrowing habits, as they need to consume a large number of insects to sustain their energy levels. Voles, on the other hand, are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of plants, seeds, and insects. This broader diet allows them to survive in a wider range of habitats.
One of the most distinguishing features of moles is their extensive network of tunnels. These tunnels are typically found in lawns, gardens, and agricultural fields, and they can be quite extensive. Moles create these tunnels to search for food and to provide shelter for their young. Voles, however, are more focused on creating surface runways. These runways are often found in grassy areas and can cause significant damage to plants and crops.
The damage caused by moles and voles also differs. Moles primarily damage lawns and gardens by creating tunnels, which can lead to uneven ground and dead grass. Their tunnels can also disrupt irrigation systems and damage roots. Voles, on the other hand, are more likely to cause damage to plants and crops by gnawing on stems, branches, and bark. This can lead to stunted growth, reduced yields, and even plant death.
Controlling moles and voles requires different strategies. Since moles are primarily insectivorous, eliminating their food source can be an effective method of control. Trapping and removing moles from your property is also a common approach. Voles, however, can be more challenging to control, as they are more widespread and adaptable. Fencing, repellents, and regular monitoring can help manage vole populations.
In conclusion, the difference between a mole and a vole is evident in their appearance, behavior, and the damage they cause. By understanding these differences, you can better protect your property and take appropriate measures to control these burrowing animals. Whether you’re dealing with mole tunnels or vole-runways, being informed is the first step in maintaining a healthy and vibrant landscape.